Articles

Fadel Abdulghany  The fall of the Assad regime on December 8, 2014, marked the end of a long chapter of authoritarian...

Fadel Abdulghany  The principle that local administrative orders and instructions must not conflict with the constitution or binding international agreements is...

Fadel Abdulghany  Under Bashar al-Assad, the Syrian security apparatus formed one of the most extensive and complex systems of political control...

Fadel Abdulghany On January 21, Rifaat al-Assad (88), brother of former Syrian President Hafez al-Assad and the most prominent commander of the forces...

Fadel Abdulghany   Recognizing minority rights within constitutional frameworks is a fundamental pillar for establishing political legitimacy and strengthening social cohesion in pluralistic societies....

Fadel Abdulghany  The death of Rifaat al-Assad on January 21, 2026, in the United Arab Emirates at the age of 88, marks a pivotal moment in the pursuit of accountability for those responsible for one of the most horrific mass atrocities in modern Middle Eastern history. As the former Syrian vice president and one of the key architects of the 1982 Hama massacre, his death before facing Syrian justice exemplifies the complete entrenchment of impunity at the national level. This is not a biological accident, but rather the result of a systematic policy pursued by Hafez al-Assad's regime to protect the pillars of institutionalized violence, including Rifaat himself, by providing political and security cover for operations carried out with direct coordination and under the supervision of the highest levels of power, over a period of more than a month. While death closes the door to the direct criminal prosecution of the deceased, it does not preclude broader forms of accountability that operate independently of the accused's continued existence, nor does it eliminate the possibility of asset recovery or holding accountable the networks that facilitated the crime or profited from its proceeds.   Limits of Prosecution and Universal Jurisdiction  Rifaat al-Assad faced charges in three major jurisdictions, but none resulted in a full trial in the procedural sense....

Fadel Abdulghany   How modern states can accommodate ethnic and linguistic diversity while maintaining national cohesion is one of the most persistent challenges in...

Fadel Abdulghany  The recruitment of children in armed conflicts is considered one of the most serious violations under international humanitarian law...

Fadel Abdelghany   On December 26, 2025, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu announced Israel's recognition of the "Republic of Somaliland" as a sovereign...

Fadel Abdulghany  The question of the legal status of the Golan Heights under international law is a prime example of how...